1. As fuel for fireplaces, chargrills and other similar devices

In comparison with the usual fuel (for example — fuelwood), charcoal doesn`t produce smoke and open flame (if the firing is right) but gives only necessary temperature — heat. Moreover while cooking there is no need to wait for the fuelwood to be burnt out — as the charcoal is a ready fuel. Our charcoal fits perfectly for cooking using grills, chargrills etc.


2. In industry

Wood charcoal is applied in nonferrous metallurgy (for example, to get aluminium, boron etc); in pure silicon production, that is used to get semiconductors; in chemical industry; as fireplace fuel (abroad) etc. It is also used, for example, in metallurgy as a reducer (as there is a big amount of carbon in wood charcoal). In production of glass, crystal, paint, electrodes, plastic. In the process of charcoal obtaining liquid waste products in the form of wood tar (coal tar) are produced. Wood tar is used to obtain turpentine, food acetit acid, colophony, methyl alcohol, alcoholic solvent etc.


3. As food additive in stock-breeding, animal breeding


4. In building

As an insulator material in building because charcoal is very hygroscopic and is a good absorbent.


5. As rust- preventive powders and lubricants

Wood charcoal finds certain application in instrument making and printing production where it is used for grinding and polishing of details and forms. Charcoal of softwood, collected according to the special technological mode is most applicable for these targets. In some cases solid lubricant, especially graphite, is used in machine building. As the charcoal contains a small amount of ashes and contaminants, it can also be used for the production of the lubricant mentioned above. For this purpose coal is mixed with sedimentary tar for this, burnt at 1400-1500°C, and then it is processed with acid manganic potassium, sulfuric acid or tannin.


6. In black powder production

Coal of alderwood or buckthorn containing 72-80% of carbon is usually used in black powder production. Powder made of charcoal from other kinds of wood is burnt harder, that`s why the application of the other kinds of coal is not practised. The amount of coal and carbon content influences the speed of the powder burning. By increasing the amount of coal, the speed of the powder burning reduces, and by increasing the amount of carbon, it increases. The powder includes from 12 to 20% of charcoal. Hunting powder includes 14-16% of coal, string powder- 12%, sulfur-free - 20% etc.


7. In electrical coal production

Electrical coal products are made of pure carbon materials such as oil and pitch coke, graphite, soot, charcoal etc., which are mixed with coal tar or pitch. These products are used in many branches of national economy. They are used in electrical equipment of different engines, in electrical machines for thermal purposes, in electrovacuum technique etc. All kinds of carbon resistor, different contacts, brushes, devices for technique, communication and many other objects are included in this list.


8. As filling material for plastic

Wood coal can be applied as filling material for plastic. Certain marks of phaolit, pressed materials of special purpose, etc. belong to such kinds of plastic, where the powdery carbonacious material is used as filling. In such plastic materials coal can replace expensive and deficient graphite. As we have already mentioned wood coal is low-ash material and is uncontaminated. It is stable in chemically active mediums and is also heatproof. Raw coal has high resistivity. By charcoal burning its conduction increases, that is why when burning coal up to different temperatures and using some additives, one can get a product with required dielectric properties. Burnt charcoal acquires substantial adsorptive activity, which amplifies its main service function as a filling — that is adsorptive strengthening of product. The modification of mechanical properties of liquids near solid surfaces lies in the basis of this function. Molecules of dissolved tar near the surface of the coal solid element are guided under the influence of absorption attractive powers. Liquid near the particle acquires the ordered structure, and its physical and mechanical qualities change greatly. By consolidation this structure is kept and physical and mechanical qualities of the formed substance improve. Charcoal waste products i.e. coal dust, which cannot be effectively applied in many areas, can be used in the production of law-duty goods. Charcoal dust differs from commercial coal by the increased percentage of ash but this circumstance can influence only the acid resistance of goods not reflecting on other features. The linking element for charcoal plastics can be such tars as phenolic-formaldehyde, furfural-acetone resin, etc. Wooden tar pitch can also be included in molding materials as the small amounts of it improve plastic properties of goods.


9. As raw materials for activated carbon production

Active carbon - porous carbon body that creates large surface area for the course of the sorption process by contacting with gaseous or liquid medium.

Active carbon application:
Chemical, food, pharmaceutical, energy, metallurgical and petroleum processing industries. It can also be used for the environmental protection.

About active carbons

Activated carbon (AC) is used to remove dissolved organic matters and improve the water taste quality (odor and taste retrieving). Coal-bearing substances are activated by high-temperature (800-1000°C) steam or by dewatering chemicals. Chemical activation consists in heating the starting material to 400-500°C by adding a strong chemical dewatering agent (phosphoric acid, zinc chloride or others). Most of the material is then exposed to acid-washing. Acid-washing removes metals, ash and other water soluble impurities (eg, silicium), which can be washed out when using.

Activated charcoal — this is adsorbent. The adsorbent properties depends on:
- surface area;
- size of pores;
- pores distribution structure.

Adsorption substance — is a substance that should be adsorbed (removed from water). It is important to know the characteristics of the adsorbed substance as they help to determine the size of the molecule and configuration of the adsorbed substance. It is important to know the size of molecule for 3 reasons: with the increase of molecule size the solubility of the substance reduces; with the increase of the size of molecule the adsorption decreases as molecules cannot enter the voids of adsorbent; the bigger are the molecules the more time they require to go through the voids.

Activated carbon is widely used in wastewater treatment stations:

Powdered active charcoal with high adsorption properties was used long ago for natural water purification to remove substances that give water an unpleasant taste and odor. However the lack of simple and economic method of its regeneration didn’t allow using such charcoal for sewage treatment. Recently, there have appeared some information on how to use the powdered coal for sewage treatment. The following treatment technology is used in this case: the amount of 240-600 mg/l of coal is mixed with water. After that polyelectrolytes are added to the mixture and the coal is separated from the water in ponds. Selected carbon regenerates in the steam environment at 400°C.